Stopping the 4 move checkmate

I, like so many new players, suffered the indignity of losing to the 4 move checkmate early in my career. It happened in a school chess competition, and I was so shocked and annoyed, that I spent the next class drawing a chess board in the back of an exercise book, and then moving the pieces using pencil and eraser until I worked out what had happened.
Fortunately technology is now sufficiently advanced that we have computers that do this for us. And the theory of the 4 move checkmate has moved forward as well, with a strong GM demonstrating the correct defence when confronted with the opening.


Carlsen,Magnus (2882) - Dominguez Perez,Leinier (2763) [C20]
Saint Louis Blitz 2019 Saint Louis USA (7.3), 13.08.2019

1. e4 e5 2. Qh5 Nc6 3. Bc4 g6 4. Qf3 Nf6 5. Ne2 Bg7 6. d3 d6 7. h3 Na5 8. Nbc3 Nxc4 9. dxc4 Be6 10. Qd3 Nd7 11. b3 O-O 12. Be3 f5 13. f3 Qh4+ 14. Bf2 Qg5 15. Rg1 Nc5 16. Qe3 Qxe3 17. Bxe3 fxe4 18. Nxe4 Nxe4 19. fxe4 a6 20. Nc3 h5 21. Ke2 Kh7 22. Rgf1 Bh6 23. Bg1 Kg7 24. Nd5 Bxd5 25. cxd5 Rxf1 26. Rxf1 Rf8 27. Rxf8 Kxf8 28. Kd3 Ke8 29. Bf2 Bg5 30. Kc4 Kd7 31. a4 Kc8 32. b4 Kd7 33. b5 axb5+ 34. Kxb5 Bd2 35. c4 b6 36. Ka6 Kc8 37. g4 hxg4 38. hxg4 Bc3 39. Be3 Be1 40. Kb5 Kb7 41. Bc1 Bc3 42. Ba3 Be1 43. a5 Bxa5 44. c5 dxc5 45. Bb2 Be1 46. Bxe5 Bf2 47. Bf6 c4 48. Kxc4 c6 49. Be5 b5+ 50. Kb4 Kb6 51. Bd6 Be1+ 52. Kb3 cxd5 53. exd5 Kb7 54. Kc2 Kc8 55. Kd3 Kd7 56. Bc5 Bg3 57. Ke4 Bd6 58. Bd4 Ke7 59. Be3 Kd7 60. Kd4 Kc7 61. Bd2 Kb7 62. Kd3 Kb6 63. Kd4 Kb7 1/2-1/2